{"id":18,"date":"2011-01-05T10:08:15","date_gmt":"2011-01-05T10:08:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gold-silver.biz\/sk\/"},"modified":"2013-07-15T11:50:29","modified_gmt":"2013-07-15T09:50:29","slug":"o-zlate-a-striebre","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/investicnyblog.sk\/gsi\/sk\/o-drahych-kovoch\/o-zlate-a-striebre\/","title":{"rendered":"O ZLATE A STRIEBRE"},"content":{"rendered":"

Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1lne chemick\u00e9 vlastnosti zlata<\/h3>\n

Chemick\u00e1 zna\u010dka: Au (Aurum)
\nProt\u00f3nov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo: 79
\nRelat\u00edvna at\u00f3mov\u00e1 hmotnos\u0165: 196,96655 g\/mol
\nHustota: 19 290 kg\/m3
\nTeplota tavenia: 1 064 \u00b0C
\nTeplota varu: 2 856 \u00b0C<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"Zlato je u\u0161\u013eachtil\u00fd kov \u017eltej farby, ve\u013emi odoln\u00fd vo\u010di be\u017en\u00fdm chemick\u00fdm vplyvom, hlavne vo\u010di vzduchu a\u00a0vode (zlato nehrdzavie). Rozp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a sa len v l\u00fa\u010davke kr\u00e1\u013eovskej (zmes koncentrovanej kyseliny dusi\u010dnej a chlorovod\u00edkovej) a v roztokoch kyanidov. Vyzna\u010duje sa vysok\u00fdm leskom, tepelnou a elektrickou vodivos\u0165ou, \u0165a\u017enos\u0165ou a kujnos\u0165ou. Pri prvom stretnut\u00ed so zlatom si ale ur\u010dite v\u0161imnete, \u017ee je zlat\u00fd predmet vzh\u013eadom k svojim rozmerom neobvykle \u0165a\u017ek\u00fd. Charakteristickou vlastnos\u0165ou zlata je toti\u017e vysok\u00e1 hustota, 19 x vy\u0161\u0161ia ne\u017e voda, 2,5 x vy\u0161\u0161ia ne\u017e \u017eelezo \u010di me\u010f, skoro 2 x vy\u0161\u0161ia ne\u017e striebro \u010di olovo.<\/p>\n

Vysok\u00e1 hustota zlata sp\u00f4sobuje, \u017ee pri ry\u017eovan\u00ed kles\u00e1 na dno zlatokopeckej panvice, zatia\u013e \u010do \u013eahk\u00e9 miner\u00e1ly sa odplavuj\u00fa a pri kr\u00fa\u017eivom pohybe vypad\u00e1vaj\u00fa z panvice von. Tie\u017e \u013eahko odhal\u00edme podvod, ak sa n\u00e1m pok\u00fasi nepoctiv\u00fd obchodn\u00edk podstr\u010di\u0165 pozl\u00e1ten\u00fa mincu z in\u00e9ho kovu. Tabu\u013ekov\u00fa hustotu pozn\u00e1me. Potom ost\u00e1va len porovna\u0165 \u010di dan\u00e9mu objemu mince zodpoved\u00e1 jej hmotnos\u0165. Existuje toti\u017e len nieko\u013eko kovov \u0165a\u017e\u0161\u00edch ne\u017e zlato, ktor\u00e9 by sa dali zmie\u0161a\u0165 s me\u010fou aby hmotnostne zodpovedali, v\u0161etky s\u00fa v\u0161ak e\u0161te drah\u0161ie ne\u017e zlato.
\nA\u00a0e\u0161te jeden pr\u00edklad – vysok\u00e1 hustota zlata umo\u017en\u00ed ulo\u017ei\u0165 ohromn\u00e9 hodnoty do mal\u00e9ho objemu. Odliatok zlata o rozmeroch be\u017enej \u0161katu\u013eky od cigariet by v\u00e1\u017eil cez 2 kilogramy!
\n\u010cist\u00e9 zlato je m\u00e4kk\u00e9. Ke\u010f chceme, aby bolo tvrd\u0161ie, prid\u00e1vame do\u0148ho me\u010f alebo striebro. Obsah zlata v tak\u00fdchto zliatin\u00e1ch sa meria v kar\u00e1toch. O \u010distom zlate hovor\u00edme, \u017ee je kar\u00e1tov\u00e9, zatia\u013e \u010do zliatinu rovnak\u00e9ho mno\u017estva zlata a napr\u00edklad striebra ozna\u010dujeme ako 12 kar\u00e1tov\u00e9 zlato. V 18-kar\u00e1tovom zlate sa nach\u00e1dza 18\/24, \u010di\u017ee 75% \u010dist\u00e9ho zlata.<\/p>\n

\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1lne chemick\u00e9 vlastnosti striebra<\/h3>\n

Chemick\u00e1 zna\u010dka: Ag (Argentum)
\nProt\u00f3nov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo: 47
\nRelat\u00edvna at\u00f3mov\u00e1 hmotnos\u0165: 107,8682 g\/mol
\nHustota: 10 490 kg\/m3
\nTeplota tavenia: 961,78 \u00b0C
\nTeplota varu: 2 162 \u00b0C<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"
\nStriebro je jeden z prvkov zn\u00e1mych u\u017e od staroveku. Z be\u017en\u00fdch kovov m\u00e1 najlep\u0161iu elektrick\u00fa a tepeln\u00fa vodivos\u0165. Z mechanickej a metalurgickej str\u00e1nky je ve\u013emi dobre spracovate\u013en\u00e9 \u2013 m\u00e1 dobr\u00fa kujnos\u0165 a dobre sa odlieva.
\nNapriek tomu, \u017ee striebro patr\u00ed medzi drah\u00e9 kovy, ktor\u00e9 sa vyzna\u010duj\u00fa silnou chemickou stabilitou, ve\u013emi dobre reaguje s kyselinou dusi\u010dnou.
\nNa suchom \u010distom vzduchu je striebro neobmedzene st\u00e1le. Sta\u010d\u00ed v\u0161ak aj ve\u013emi n\u00edzke mno\u017estvo s\u00edrovod\u00edka (H2S), aby striebro za\u010dalo \u010dernie\u0165, preto\u017ee na jeho povrchu vznik\u00e1 vrstva sulfidu strieborn\u00e9ho Ag2S.
\nDoposia\u013e\u00a0sa celkovo vy\u0165a\u017eilo asi 2,2 miliardy unc\u00ed\u00a0striebra, pri\u010dom dnes disponujeme objemom asi 300 mili\u00f3nov unc\u00ed. In\u00fdmi slovami, 85% v\u0161etk\u00e9ho vy\u0165a\u017een\u00e9ho striebra nen\u00e1vratne zmizlo v\u00a0priebehu p\u00e1r rokov.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1lne chemick\u00e9 vlastnosti zlata Chemick\u00e1 zna\u010dka: Au (Aurum) Prot\u00f3nov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo: 79 Relat\u00edvna at\u00f3mov\u00e1 hmotnos\u0165: 196,96655 g\/mol Hustota: 19 290 kg\/m3 Teplota tavenia: 1 064 \u00b0C Teplota varu: 2 856 … <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":14,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/investicnyblog.sk\/gsi\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/investicnyblog.sk\/gsi\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/investicnyblog.sk\/gsi\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/investicnyblog.sk\/gsi\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/investicnyblog.sk\/gsi\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/investicnyblog.sk\/gsi\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2419,"href":"https:\/\/investicnyblog.sk\/gsi\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18\/revisions\/2419"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/investicnyblog.sk\/gsi\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/investicnyblog.sk\/gsi\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}